Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with allergic diseases

González Díaz, Sandra Nora y Martin, Bryan y Villarreal González, Rosalaura Virginia y De Lira Quezada, Cindy Elizabeth y Macouzet Sánchez, Carlos y Macías Weinmann, Alejandra y Guzmán Avilán, Rosa Ivett y García Campa, Mariano y Noyola Pérez, Andrés y García González, David Uriel (2021) Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with allergic diseases. World Allergy Organization Journal, 14 (3). pp. 1-10. ISSN 1939-4551

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Resumen

On March 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic disease. Interactions between allergy-related inflammatory and psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been documented. Therefore, those who have pre-existing allergic conditions may have an increased psychiatric reaction to the stresses of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective Identify the psychological impact of COVID-19 in patients with allergic diseases and determine if these individuals have a greater risk of presenting with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods It is a cross-sectional, survey-based study designed to assess the degree of symptoms of depression and the risk of PTSD using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R), respectively in allergic patients. Results A total of 4,106 surveys were evaluated; 1,656 (40.3%) were patients with allergic disease, and 2,450 (59.7%) were non-allergic (control) individuals. Of those with allergies, 76.6% had respiratory allergic disease including asthma and allergic rhinitis. Individuals with allergic disease reported higher scores regarding symptoms of PTSD on the IES-R scale (p = 0.052, OR 1.24 CI .99 - 1.55) as well as a higher depression risk score in the PHQ-9 questionnaire (mean 6.82 vs. 5.28) p = 0.000 z = -8.76. The allergy group presented a higher score in the IES-R questionnaire (mean 25.42 vs. 20.59), being more susceptible to presenting PTSD (p = 0.000, z = -7.774). The individuals with allergic conditions were further divided into subgroups of those with respiratory allergies such as allergic rhinitis and asthma vs those with non-respiratory allergies such as drug and food allergy, urticaria and atopic dermatitis. This subgroup analysis compares respiratory versus non-respiratory allergic patients, with similar results on the IES-R (mean 25.87 vs 23.9) p = 0.0124, z = -1.539. There was no significant difference on intrusion (p=0.061, z=-1.873) and avoidance (p=0.767, z=-0.297), but in the hyperarousal subscale, patients with respiratory allergy had higher scores (mean 1.15 vs. 0.99) p = 0.013 z = -2.486. Conclusions Psychological consequences such as depression and reported PTSD are present during the COVID-19 pandemic causing an impact particularly in individuals with allergic diseases. If we acknowledge the impact and how it is affecting our patients, we are able to implement interventions, follow up and contribute to the overall well-being.

Tipo de elemento:

Article

Palabras claves no controlados:

Impacto psicológico, COVID-19, Enfermedades alérgicas

Materias:

B Filosofía, Psicología, Religión > BF Psicología
R Medicina > RC Medicina Interna, Psiquiatría, Neurología

Divisiones:

Medicina > Especialidad en Alergia e Inmunologia Clinica

Usuario depositante:

Dra. Alejandra Macias Weinmann

Creadores:

Creador	Email	ORCID
González Díaz, Sandra Nora	NO ESPECIFICADO	orcid.org/0000-0002-3612-0042
Martin, Bryan	NO ESPECIFICADO	NO ESPECIFICADO
Villarreal González, Rosalaura Virginia	rosalauravillarrealg@gmail.com	NO ESPECIFICADO
De Lira Quezada, Cindy Elizabeth	ce.lira@gmail.com	NO ESPECIFICADO
Macouzet Sánchez, Carlos	NO ESPECIFICADO	NO ESPECIFICADO
Macías Weinmann, Alejandra	alejandra.maciaswn@uanl.edu.mx	orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-2255
Guzmán Avilán, Rosa Ivett	NO ESPECIFICADO	orcid.org/0000-0002-3612-0042
García Campa, Mariano	NO ESPECIFICADO	NO ESPECIFICADO
Noyola Pérez, Andrés	NO ESPECIFICADO	NO ESPECIFICADO
García González, David Uriel	NO ESPECIFICADO	NO ESPECIFICADO